Gearing for power-drills.



No. 832,077. -PATENTED OCT. 2, 1906. J. R. PEAROE.

GBARING PoR POWER DRILLS. APPLIOATION FILED MAY6, 1905.

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J. R.PEAROE. GEARING FUR POWER DRILLS.

APPLIGATION FILED MAY6,1905.

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GEARING POR POWER DRILLS.

APPLICATION FILED MAYS. 1905.

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UNITED' STATES PATENT OFFIOE.

JOHN R. PEAROE, OF

TO R. H. BRIGGS, SR., OF MEMPHIS,

TENNESSEE.

GEARING FOR POWER-DRILLS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 2, 1906.

Application filed May 6, 1905. Serial No1 259,162.

To a/ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN R. PEARCE, a citizen of the United States ofAmerica, and a resident of Memphis, in the county of Shelby and State ofTennessee, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gearingfor Power-Drills, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to gearing for a powerdrill usually operated by airor steam and illustrated as a drill for reaming or tapping holes iniron, steel, or other metal. This motor is very similar to that shown inmy prior patent, No. 527,072, granted October 9, 1894, and has a pistonwhich oscillates or has a rotary reciprocation.

My invention relates chiefly to means for changing this reciprocationinto continuous rotary motion and may be used for all power purposes,not being coniined to drills.

To this end my invention consists in the general combination and variousJfeatures of construction illustrated in the drawings, described in thespecification, and particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is a front elevation of theapparatus. Fig. 2 is a perspective view with the gear-casing removed.Fig. 3 is a vertical section through the motor-casing, showing thepiston-valve, the piston-chamber, and the related parts. Fig. 4 is aside elevation, partly in section, of the drill on a larger scale andshowing the motor, gearing, Sac. Fig. 5 is a detail of one of the gears,showing in section its ratchet mechanism.

As stated above, the motor is similar to that illustrated in my patentand consists of a casing 1, a rotary piston-head 2, a pistonvalve 3, afixed division 4, piston-wings 5, and appropriate steam-passages. Thesearts are common to the motor of the patent and to my improved motor; butin the latter I have made certain changes in the details ofconstruction. I have. added an opening 6 and pipe 7 at the back of thepiston-chamber to carry off any oil which may nd its way into thepiston-chamber and to conduct it to the miter-gear 8, hereinafterdescribed, and attached to the piston-shaft 9; I have also placed thewings to one side of a plane through the center of the piston-head, sothat their l active faces only are in this plane. In my previousconstruction the plane divided the piston-wings in half. The newposition affords a longer stroke and is an improvement on the oldarrangement. I have also altered the location of the packing-ring 10,for which I have provided a recess 11 in the cover 12, spiral springs 13being provided between the bottom of the recess and the ring to forcethe same against the piston-head 2.

The operation of the motor has already been referred to and it isbelieved will be clear from the drawings and need not be set forth indetail. It is sufficient to say that the fluid acts alternately on thepiston-wings to turn the motor-shaft first in one direction and then inthe other.

At the back of the motor-casing are suitably-spaced brackets 14, inwhich, as clearly shown in Fig. 4, is journaled thepdrill-shaft 15.These brackets are an equal distance from the axis of the motor-shaft 9,which is journaled, by means of roller-bearings, in the motor-casing,and are vertically in line with each other. Fast to the motor-shaft 9 isthe miter-gear 8. This gear meshes with oppositely-placed miter-gears 17and 18, which are spaced apart by a suitable collar or filler 19 and areconnected to the drill-shaft 15 by suitable oppositely-placedpawl-and-ratchet mechanisms, hereinafter more fullydescribed.

The lower gear 18 is held in position by a v filler 2() between it andthe lower bracket.`

The upper drill-shaft bracket has milled out therein a recess 21 toreceive ball-bearings for the drill-shaft. These bearings are arrangedas follows: The drill-shaft is turned down at its upper end to threesizes, thus constituting steps, which are made use of as follows: Thelower step supports a ball ring or race 22, closely fitting the recess21. This ring is suitably grooved, as shown, and balls 23 act between itand the face 24 of the second-sized portion of the drill-shaft. Restingupon the ring 22, and like it closely fitting the recess 21, is a secondball-ring 25. 26 is a cone-ring, the bottom of which is horizontal andrests 'on the first set ofv balls, preventing them from getting out ofposition. 27 is a bearing-plate at the bottom of the recess, restingupon the second set of balls 28. These balls coact with the said plate,the ball-ring, and the cone-ring. This has been found to be an eiiicientform of bearing, I prefer to employ it; but other suitable bearings maybe used.

To provide for feeding the drill, a feedscrew 29, having an angularlocking portion and 30, is screw-threaded into a correspondinglythreadedrecess in the top bracket. this feed-screw is located acorrespondinglyscrew-threaded sleeve 31, the upper part of which isconical and coacts with a rest 32 and the lower part of which isprovided with a hexagonal or other angular portion 33, on which isclosely fitted the feed-wheel 34, which is prevented from slipping offthe lower end of the sleeve should it become loose thereon by means ofan enlarged portion 35 of the sleeve 31.

The operation of the feed mechanism is as follows: When the drill is inposition with the conical portion of the sleeve 31 in contact with therest 32 and it is desired to feed the drill with respect to the work,the sleeve 31 is rotated by means of the feed-wheel 34. The sleeve beingheld immovable vertically by the rest 32, vertical movement is given tothe feed-screw and to the upper drill-shaft other.

-nating in this respect.

and thus to the motor and drill.

bracket,

means by which the Referring again to the drill-shaft is driven, andparticularly to Figs. 4 to 6, illustrating the details of thisconstruction, the drill-shaft is provided with two transverse slots 36,extending through it and preferably, as shown, at right angles to eachEach of these slots 36 corresponds to one of the gears 17 and 18 and isdesigned to retain dogs 37 and springs 3S, acting to force themoutwardly. Each dog has at its outer end a tooth having an abrupt faceand a sloping face. Each miter-gear 17 and 18 is provided with internalteeth 39, having abrupt and sloping faces and adapted to coact with thecorresponding faces of the teeth of the dogs. The internal teeth of thelower gear and of the dogs coacting therewith are faced oppositely tothe internal teeth of the upper gear and of the dogs coacting therewith.rl`he result of this construction will readily be apparent. When eithergear is turned so that the abrupt faces of its teeth contact with thecorresponding abrupt tooth-faces of the dogs, the movement of the gearwill drive the shaft 5 but when the gear is turned in the oppositedirection the sloping faces of the teeth of the gear and of the dogswill coact and have a wedging action, which will force the dogs back'into the slot against the action of the springs and will allowthe gearto rotate idly on the drill-shaft. As the two ratchet mechanisms are opositely faced, one of the gears will always e driving and the other willalways be turning idly, the gears alter- The miter-gear 8, which isgiven a rotary reciprocation by the motor, will therefore drive thedrill-shaft first by one of the gears 17 18 and then by the other, thusgiving to the drill a continuous rotation.

A suitable removable gear-casing 40 is provided for the protection ofthe bevel-gears, and the cover of the motor has aixed to it a handle 41for convenience in manipulating Upon the drill.

It will be apparent that I have devised an exceedingly simple andcompact construction whereby a reciprocatory motor is enabled to producepositive and continuous rotation and that I have arranged for the readyadjustment of the rotating element.

What I claim as new, and desire to protect by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination of a casing, opposite brackets on said casingsubstantially equidistant from its trally of said casing, means withinthe casing for reciprocating said shaft, a second shaft journaled insaid brackets, separate oppositely-disposed clutch mechanisms for saidsecond shaft, and means on the first shaft for giving motionsimultaneously to both said mechanisms and for rendering themalternately effective to rotate said second shaft, substantially asdescribed.

2. A shaft, means for reciprocating the same, a bevel-gear on saidshaft, a driven shaft provided with slots at right angles to each other,bevel-gears oppositely disposed on said driven shaft and both meshingsimultaneously with the bevel-gear on the drivingshaft, annular seriesof teeth within each gear on said driven shaft, pawls in pairs in saidslots, a plurality of springs acting on both members of each pair tocause them to coact with the annular teeth, said annular series andpawls constituting oppositely-acting clutch mechanism, whereby eachmember of the pair alternately drives the shaft and moves idly, rotatecontinuously, substantially as described.

3. In combination, a shaft adapted for rotary reciprocation, abevel-gear thereon, a second shaft adjacent to said first shaft, a pairof separate bevel-gears on said second center, a shaft mounted cen- IOOshaft both of which mesh at all times with Y the gear on the firstshaft, each gear of said pair being loose on said second shaft andhaving an internal annular toothed portion, means to retain said gearsin position, said second shaft having slots,'and edogs therein eachspring-pressed outwardly at a plurality of points and adapted to coactwith said internal annular toothed portions, the teeth of the annularportion of one gear of the pair and of the dogs coacting therewith beingoppositely faced to those of the other to cause continuous rotation bythe alternate effective action in a single direction ofthe gears of thepair, substantially as described.

Signed by me at Memphis, Tennessee, this 24th day of April, 1905.

C. G. BOYER, W. HY. BOYER.

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